Titration
Learning Objectives
Volume-volume stoichiometry (solutions only) and application of volumetric analysis including the use of indicators, calculations related to preparation of standard solutions, dilution of solutions and use of acid-base titrations to determine the concentration of an acid or a base in a water sample.
Summary Notes
Titration Process
A known volume of one of the solutions is measured using a pipette and transferred to a conical flask. (this is known as the aliquot)
The other solution is dispensed slowly into the titration flask from a burette.
The equivalence point is the point during the titration when the solutions have been mixed in the mole ratio. The volume of solution delivered by the burette is the titre.
To minimise errors, the titration is repeated several times and the average titre found. Titrations are repeated until three concordant results are obtained which are within ±0.1 mL of each other.
Titration Curves
A titration curve is the plot of the pH of the analyte solution versus the volume of the titrant added as the titration progresses.
Used to determine suitable indicators.
Indicators
A list of suitable indicators can be found in the VCE data booklet.
Videos to help build your understanding
Running a Titration Experiment
Practical Skills Required in Titration
Practice Material
Titration and Indicator Simulation
Titration Process Walk-through
Teacher's Tip:
The process of titration is closely linked to volumetric analysis which is taught again in Unit 4. Take note of the processes for now and concentrate on simple concentration stoichiometry