Learning Objectives

• Trends in the melting and boiling points of Group 16 hydrides, with reference to the nature and relative strengths of their intermolecular forces and to account for the exceptional values for water

• Specific heat capacity and latent heat including units and symbols, with reference to hydrogen bonding to account for the relatively high specific heat capacity of liquid water, and significance for organisms and water supplies of the relatively high latent heat of vaporisation of water